Jack of Clubs as the legendary Knight Sir Lancelot
King of Hearts as the King Charlemagne
Queen of Hearts as the biblical character Judith
Jack of Hearts as the French military commander Étienne de Vignolles (aka La Hire)
King of Spades as the biblical King David
Queen of Spades as the Greek goddess Pallas Athena
Jack of Spades as the legendary character Ogier the Dane
The Jokers represent Pierrot and Harlequin (both stock characters in the Italian Comedia dell'arte) popularized in Paris in the late 19c.

ACES:

Regarding the meaning of the suits, you can find just as many theories as for who the court cards represent. It was decided on one of the most spread ones regarding the original French suits, where Spades were believed to represent nobility, Hearts the clergy, Diamonds the merchants and Clubs the commoners and the peasantry.

ART STYLE:

As for the art style, French inspiration was the best idea to pay tribute to the original French deck. It was a hard decision, taking into account that France was always known as a place of artistic reference, so after some thought it was chosen to use one that was popular during the 19th century: Art Nouveau

Art Nouveau is a style of decorative art, architecture and design promoted and popularized in Paris in the late 19th century and characterized by intricate linear designs and flowing curves based on natural forms.